The Doctrine of Eschatology has two important components. On the one hand, eschatology is very broad, dealing with the eventual fate of the present world. On the other hand, eschatology is very personal, dealing with our own future, including our eternal destiny and eventual death. These two aspects of eschatology work hand in hand to give the Christian a well-rounded view of the Christian Hope.
All eschatology must begin in Genesis. Genesis one and two lay the foundation for all study of the future, where God created a perfect world for his own glory. Genesis three tells the story of humanity’s rebellion against God, and God’s coming rescue plan. (Genesis 3:15) Eschatology then, is the story of God’s redemption plan for humanity. The climax then of Eschatology is Jesus Christ. In the resurrection of Jesus Christ, Christians find all future hope. (Galatians 3:16)
The tension of Christian hope comes in the pronouncement of Christ, “the Kingdom of God is at hand.”(2 Peter 3:13) To fully understand the Christian Hope, you must understand that the Kingdom of God is already present in human history, in the person and work of Jesus, but that it will be consummated in the New Earth. (Romans 5:12-19)
Before the New Earth begins however, there is the unpleasant business of judgement. The Bible clearly illustrates that those who have not repented of sin and placed faith in Christ will be judged according to their sins and sent to an everlasting, literal hell.(I John 3:8) God’s wrath will be poured out against all the remaining evil corrupting this world, resulting in the purification and recreation of this world.
The New Earth will be perfected, in that the city of Heaven will descend, and the New Heaven and Earth will be one. This recreated state will serve as the eternal home of all those who follow Christ. In the new order, all God’s people will have resurrection bodies, perfected much as Christ’s was after his resurrection. (Revelation 21:2)
In the present, while Christians wait for the return of Christ, and the New Creation to begin, there is an intermediate state prepared for both the damned and the redeemed. The damned reside in a place the Bible refers to as Sheol, a place of pain and torment, where they await the final judgement and the continuing torment of the final Hell. Simultaneously, those Christians who have died await the final judgement, when their souls, which currently reside with Christ in Heaven, will be reunited to their remade bodies for the wedding supper of the Lamb.
That intermediate state is of pressing concern to many people today. Individually, every person can expect an eternal life to come. For those who have rejected Christ, their place has already been prepared in Hell. For the believer, God has prepared a place in the New Creation. Until that time, every believer is being made more Holy, in preparation for the new order. Though death is an enemy, it is important to remember that death has been defeated and a New Creation is at hand. (I Cor. 15:55)
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